% This is style ARTIKEL2 in text format
\def\styleversion{1.09}\def\styledate{22 January 1990}
% All changes with respect to 'article' indicated with %V
%
% Use 'ntg10', 'ntg11', 'ntg12' for pointsize options.
%
% English language is the default, otherwise
% use the 'Dutch' or 'German' option,
% or anything that parametrises using the same names. 
%
% Author:
%    Victor Eijkhout
%    Mathematisch Instituut
%    Universiteit van Nijmegen
%    Toernooiveld 5
%    6525 ED  Nijmegen
%    the Netherlands.
%
%    u641000@hnykun11.bitnet
\typeout{Documentstyle 'Artikel2'. Version <\styleversion>, <\styledate>}
%V oud
\def\@ptsize{0} \@namedef{ds@11pt}{\def\@ptsize{1}}
\@namedef{ds@12pt}{\def\@ptsize{2}}
\def\ds@twoside{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue} 
\def\ds@draft{\overfullrule 5pt}
%V deliberate sabotage
\def\ds@sober{}
\@options
%V universal Dutch point size options
\input ntg1\@ptsize.sty\relax
\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
\def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}}
\def\labelenumii{(\alph{enumii})}
\def\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}
\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
\def\labelenumiii{\roman{enumiii}.}
\def\theenumiii{\roman{enumiii}}
\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
\def\labelenumiv{\Alph{enumiv}.}
\def\theenumiv{\Alph{enumiv}}
\def\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
\def\labelitemi{$\bullet$}
\def\labelitemii{\bf --}
\def\labelitemiii{$\ast$}
\def\labelitemiv{$\cdot$}
\def\verse{\let\\=\@centercr
 \list{}{\itemsep\z@ \itemindent -1.5em\listparindent \itemindent
 \rightmargin\leftmargin\advance\leftmargin 1.5em}\item[]}
\let\endverse\endlist
\def\quotation{\list{}{\listparindent=\unitindent %V was: 1.5em
 \itemindent\listparindent \parindent=0cm %V toegevoegd
 \rightmargin\leftmargin \parsep 0cm}\item[]}
\let\endquotation=\endlist
\def\quote{\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}\item[]}
\let\endquote=\endlist
\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep \bf #1}
\def\description{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@ \itemindent-\leftmargin
 \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}
\let\enddescription\endlist
\def\theequation{\arabic{equation}}
\def\titlepage{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
 \else \newpage \fi \thispagestyle{empty}\c@page\z@}
\def\endtitlepage{\if@restonecol\twocolumn \else \newpage \fi}
\arraycolsep 5pt \tabcolsep 6pt \arrayrulewidth .4pt \doublerulesep 2pt
\tabbingsep \labelsep
\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
\fboxsep = 3pt \fboxrule = .4pt
\newcounter{part}
\newcounter {section}
\newcounter {subsection}[section]
\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
\def\thepart{\Roman{part}} \def\thesection {\arabic{section}}
\def\thesubsection {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
\def\thesubsubsection {\thesubsection .\arabic{subsubsection}}
\def\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\arabic{paragraph}}
\def\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\arabic{subparagraph}}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%tables and lists from Dutch%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\tableofcontents{\section*{\contentsname
  \@mkboth{\uppercase\expandafter{\contentsname}}
          {\uppercase\expandafter{\contentsname}}}
  \@starttoc{toc}}
\def\listoffigures{\section*{\listfigurename\@mkboth
  {\uppercase\expandafter{\listfigurename}}
  {\uppercase\expandafter{\listfigurename}}}\@starttoc{lof}}
\def\listoftables{\section*{\listtablename\@mkboth
  {\uppercase\expandafter{\listtablename}}
  {\uppercase\expandafter{\listtablename}}}\@starttoc{lot}}
\def\thebibliography#1{\section*{\refname\@mkboth
  {\uppercase\expandafter{\refname}}{\uppercase\expandafter{\refname}}}\list
  {[\arabic{enumi}]}{\settowidth\labelwidth{[#1]}\leftmargin\labelwidth
    \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
    \usecounter{enumi}}
    \def\newblock{\hskip 0.11em plus 0.33em minus 0.07em}
    \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000
    \sfcode`\.=1000\relax}
\def\theindex{\@restonecoltrue\if@twocolumn\@restonecolfalse\fi
\columnseprule \z@
\columnsep 35pt\twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]
  \@mkboth{\uppercase\expandafter{\indexname}}
          {\uppercase\expandafter{\indexname}}\thispagestyle{plain}
  \parindent\z@ \parskip\z@ plus 0.3pt\relax\let\item\@idxitem}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%inhoudsopgave%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%V three useless dimensions removed
\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}
%V this gets called in \@sect
\def\toc@font#1{\ifcase#1\Large\bf\or\bf \or\sl \or\rm\fi}
%V adapted from @dottedtocline,
%V parameters are 1: depth, 2: head, 3: page.
\def\@regtocline#1#2#3{\ifnum #1>\c@tocdepth \else
  \vskip \z@ plus .2pt
  {\hangindent\z@ \@afterindenttrue \interlinepenalty\@M 
   \leftskip\z@ \rightskip=\unitindent plus 1fil
   \@tempdima=\unitindent \advance\@tempdima by \othermargin
   \parindent\z@ \leavevmode
    #2\nobreak\hskip 1em\nobreak{\sl #3}\par}\fi}
%V transplanted from LaTeX.tex: we want right justified numbers
\def\numberline#1{\advance\hangindent
            \@tempdima \hbox to\@tempdima{\hfil#1\hskip.3em}}
%V old stuff, adapted in order to get rid of that
%V infernal 'dottedtocline'
\def\l@section{\@regtocline{1}}
\def\l@subsection{\@regtocline{2}}
\def\l@subsubsection{\@regtocline{3}}
\def\l@paragraph{\@regtocline{4}}
\def\l@subparagraph{\@regtocline{5}}
\def\l@part{\addpenalty{\@secpenalty}
 \addvspace{2.25em plus 1pt}\@regtocline{0}}
\def\l@figure{\@regtocline{1}}
\let\l@table\l@figure
\newif\if@restonecol
\def\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40pt}
\def\subitem{\par\hangindent 40pt \hspace*{20pt}}
\def\subsubitem{\par\hangindent 40pt \hspace*{30pt}}
\def\endtheindex{\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
\def\indexspace{\par \vskip 10pt plus 5pt minus 3pt\relax}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% footnotes %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@
 \hrule width 3\unitindent %V unitindent is pretty small in this style. 
 \kern 2.6\p@}
%V even non-raised footnote mark in math: funny symbols
\long\def\@makefntext#1{\parindent=\othermargin
           \noindent\hbox to \othermargin{$\@thefnmark$\hfil\relax}#1}
\setcounter{topnumber}{2}
\def\topfraction{.7}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{1}
\def\bottomfraction{.3}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{3}
\def\textfraction{.2}
\def\floatpagefraction{.5}
\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{2}
\def\dbltopfraction{.7}
\def\dblfloatpagefraction{.5}
\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{
 \vskip 10pt
 \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1: #2}
 \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize \unhbox\@tempboxa\par \else \hbox
to\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}
 \fi}
\newcounter{figure}
\def\fnum@figure{\figurename{} \thefigure} %V from Dutch
\def\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
\def\fps@figure{tbp}
\def\ftype@figure{1}
\def\ext@figure{lof}
\def\figure{\@float{figure}}
\let\endfigure\end@float
\@namedef{figure*}{\@dblfloat{figure}}
\@namedef{endfigure*}{\end@dblfloat}
\newcounter{table}
\def\fnum@table{\tablename{} \thetable} %V from Dutch
\def\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
\def\fps@table{tbp}
\def\ftype@table{2}
\def\ext@table{lot}
\def\table{\@float{table}}
\let\endtable\end@float
\@namedef{table*}{\@dblfloat{table}}
\@namedef{endtable*}{\end@dblfloat}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% title page %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%5
\def\maketitle{\par
 \begingroup
 \def\thefootnote{\fnsymbol{footnote}}
 \long\def\@makefntext##1{\parindent=\z@ 
          \def\labelitemi{--}%
          \leavevmode\hbox to .5\unitindent{$^{\@thefnmark}$\hfil}##1}
 \if@twocolumn
 \twocolumn[\@maketitle]
 \else \newpage
 \global\@topnum\z@ \@maketitle \fi\thispagestyle{plain}\@thanks
 \endgroup
 \setcounter{footnote}{0}
 \let\maketitle\relax
 \let\@maketitle\relax
 \gdef\@thanks{}\gdef\@author{}\gdef\@title{}\let\thanks\relax}
\def\@maketitle{\newpage
 \null
 \vskip 2em \begin{center}
 {\LARGE \bf \@title \par} \vskip 1.5em 
 {\large \bf \lineskip .5em
         \begin{tabular}[t]{c}\@author \end{tabular}\par}
 \vskip 1em 
 {\large \bf \@date} \end{center}
 \par
 \vskip 1.5em}
%V Abstract is no longer a 'quotation'
\def\abstract{\if@twocolumn
\section*{\abstractname}
\else \small
\hbox{\hskip\unitindent\bf \abstractname}%%%%V don't center!
\@ablist\fi}
\def\@ablist{\list{}{\listparindent=\unitindent \parindent=0cm
        \leftmargin=\unitindent \rightmargin=\unitindent
        \parsep=0cm}\item[]}
\def\endabstract{\if@twocolumn\else\endlist\fi}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% part %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%5
%V Only small changes
\def\@part[#1]#2{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne    % IF secnumdepth > -1
        \refstepcounter{part}                    %  THEN step part counter
        \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\thepart     %       add toc line
        \hspace{.5em}#1}\else                     %  ELSE add unnumbered line
      \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{#1}\fi         % FI
   {\head@style \parindent=\unitindent%V parindent zetting verwijderd
    \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne   % IF secnumdepth > -1
      \Large \bf \indent  %V indent toegevoegd.
          \partname{} \thepart     %   THEN Print 'Part' and
      \par \nobreak                %          number in \Large boldface.
    \fi                            % FI
    \Large \bf                     % Select \huge boldface. 
                                   %V Large gemaakt.
    #2\markboth{}{}\par }          % Print title and set heading marks null.
    \nobreak                       % TeX penalty to prevent page break.
    \vskip 3ex                     % Space between title and text.
   \@afterheading                  % Routine called after part and
    }                              %     section heading.
\def\part{\par \addvspace{4ex} \@afterindenttrue \secdef\@part\@spart}
\def\@spart#1{{\parindent \z@ \head@style
 \huge \bf #1\par} \nobreak \vskip 3ex \@afterheading }
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% headers / footers %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%V first some old stuff
\mark{{}{}}
\if@twoside 
   \def\ps@headings{\def\@oddfoot{}\def\@evenfoot{}%
        \def\@evenhead{\rm\thepage\hfil \sl \leftmark}%
        \def\@oddhead{\hbox{}\sl \rightmark \hfil \rm\thepage}%
        \def\sectionmark##1{\markboth {\uppercase{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth
              >\z@ \thesection\hskip 1em\relax \fi ##1}}{}}%
        \def\subsectionmark##1{\markright
                 {\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\@ne
                   \thesubsection\hskip 1em\relax \fi ##1}}}
\else 
   \def\ps@headings{\def\@oddfoot{}\def\@evenfoot{}
        \def\@oddhead{\hbox{}\sl \rightmark \hfil \rm\thepage}%
        \def\sectionmark##1{\markright
                 {\uppercase{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\z@
                   \thesection\hskip 1em\relax \fi ##1}}}}
\fi
\def\ps@myheadings{\def\@oddhead{\hbox{}\sl\rightmark \hfil\rm\thepage}%
      \def\@oddfoot{}%
      \def\@evenhead{\rm \thepage\hfil\sl\leftmark\hbox{}}%
      \def\@evenfoot{}%
      \def\sectionmark##1{}\def\subsectionmark##1{}}
%V plain pagestyle altered to have pagenumbers
%V - flushright if onesided
%V - flush left and right if twosided. 
\def\ps@plain{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
     \def\@oddhead{}\def\@evenhead{}%
     \def\@oddfoot{\rm\hfil\thepage}%
     \if@twoside\def\@evenfoot{\rm\thepage\hfil}%
           \else\let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot\fi}
%V modification:
\ps@plain \pagenumbering{arabic} \onecolumn 
%V added:
\frenchspacing
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% sectiekoppen %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%V this is new
\newdimen\regeltransport \regeltransport=\baselineskip
%V transplanted from ARTn.STY and adapted
%V In section/sub/subsub less white space, smaller fonts
\def\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\unitindent}%
{2\regeltransport plus 1\regeltransport minus .5\regeltransport}%
{0.001cm}{\normalsize\bf}}
\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\unitindent}%
{\regeltransport plus .5\regeltransport minus .25\regeltransport}%
{0.001cm}{\normalsize\bf}}
\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\unitindent}%
{\regeltransport plus .5\regeltransport minus .25\regeltransport}%
{0.001cm}{\normalsize\sc}} %V guess what this tiny dist does!!!!
%V small caps instead of bold
\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\unitindent}%
      {3.25ex plus 1ex minus .2ex}{-1em}{\normalsize\sc}}
%V slanted instead of bold
\def\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{4}{\unitindent}%
      {3.25ex plus 1ex minus .2ex}{-1em}{\normalsize\sl}}
%V From LaTeX.TeX, adaptations concern
%V  1/ width of number
%V  2/ raggedright text
%V  3/ 'contentsline'
%V  4/ 'hangfrom' zeroed
\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
     \def\@svsec{}\else
     \refstepcounter{#1}%
     \edef\@svsec{\csname the#1\endcsname\hskip.3em }\fi
     \@tempskipa #5\relax
      \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
        \begingroup #6\relax
          \@hangfrom{\hskip #3}{\head@style \@svsec \hskip.3em\relax #8\par}
        \endgroup
       \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}\addcontentsline
         {toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
                      \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi
                    \toc@font#2 #7}\else
        \def\@svsechd{#6\hskip #3\@svsec #8\csname #1mark\endcsname
                      {#7}\addcontentsline
                           {toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
                             \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi
                      \toc@font#2 #7}}\fi
     \@xsect{#5}}
\def\@ssect#1#2#3#4#5{\@tempskipa #3\relax
   \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
     \begingroup #4\relax
          \@hangfrom{\hskip #1}{\head@style #5\par}
     \endgroup
   \else \def\@svsechd{#4\hskip #1\relax #5}\fi
    \@xsect{#3}}
%V section heading are to be set:
%V 1/ extremely raggedright, with
%V 2/ no hyphenations, not even at explicit hyphens
\def\head@style{\interlinepenalty \@M
    \hyphenpenalty=\@M \exhyphenpenalty=\@M
    \rightskip=0cm plus .7\hsize\relax}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% unitindent %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%V All indents are computed based on maximal label width
%V plus a bit of space
\newdimen\othermargin
{\setbox0\hbox{\normalsize (m)\hskip.4em}\global\othermargin=\wd0}
\newdimen\unitindent \unitindent=2\othermargin
\parindent=\unitindent
\leftmargini=\othermargin
\leftmarginii=\othermargin \leftmarginiii=\othermargin
\leftmarginiv=\othermargin \leftmarginv=\othermargin
\leftmarginvi 1em
\labelwidth\leftmargini \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep %V Or this??
\labelsep .3em
\let\@indentset=\relax
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% lijsten %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%V Removed from 10/11/12 point size options
\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
            \labelsep=.45em 
            \labelwidth=\leftmargin \advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
 \topsep=0pt %V defaults added
 \parsep 0pt %V defaults added
 \itemsep \parsep}    %V defaults added
\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii \labelsep=.3em
 \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
 \topsep=0pt %V zeroed
 \parsep 0pt %V zeroed
 \itemsep \parsep}
\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii \labelsep=.3em
 \labelwidth\leftmarginiii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
 \topsep 0pt %V zeroed
 \parsep \z@ 
 \partopsep 0pt %V zeroed
 \itemsep \topsep}
\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv \labelsep=.3em
 \labelwidth\leftmarginiv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv \labelsep=.3em
 \labelwidth\leftmarginv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi \labelsep=.3em
 \labelwidth\leftmarginvi\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
%V Redefine \itemize and \enumerate, in order to specify new
%V \makelabel commmand. Lamport says this is the way to do it.
\def\enumerate{\ifnum \@enumdepth >3 \@toodeep\else
      \advance\@enumdepth \@ne
      \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth}\list
      {\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname}{\usecounter
        {\@enumctr}\def\makelabel##1{##1\hfil}}\fi}
\def\itemize{\ifnum \@itemdepth >3 \@toodeep\else \advance\@itemdepth \@ne
\edef\@itemitem{labelitem\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth}%
\list{\csname\@itemitem\endcsname}{\def\makelabel##1{##1\hfil}}\fi}
%V Redefinition of verbatim and center for a different reason:
%V we want a bit of surrounding white space
%V (which has disappeared with the topsep),
\def\center{\topsep=.25\regeltransport plus .1\regeltransport
                   minus .1\regeltransport
            \trivlist \centering\item[]}
\def\verbatim{\leftskip=0cm
              \topsep=.5\regeltransport plus .1\regeltransport
                   minus .1\regeltransport
              \@verbatim 
              \frenchspacing\@vobeyspaces \@xverbatim}
%V several things wrong with the theorem environments.
\def\@begintheorem#1#2{\vskip\regeltransport \sl \labelsep=.5em
           \trivlist \item[\hskip\labelsep{\bf #1\ #2}]}
\def\@endtheorem{\endtrivlist \vskip\regeltransport}
% Change to lfonts.tex
% Nico Poppelier -- 28 Aug 89
%
% \em is defined to be \sl inside an unslanted style and \rm inside a
% slanted style.  An \em command in a section title will produce a \pem
% command in the table of contents.
%
\def\em{\protect\pem{}}
\def\pem{\ifdim \fontdimen\@ne\font >\z@ \rm \else \sl \fi}
%V Suppress spaces after list constructs
\def\enditemize{\global\@ignoretrue \endlist}
\def\endenumerate{\global\@ignoretrue \endlist}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% tidbits %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%V This appeared identically so in the 10/11/12 point size options
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
\def\appendix{\par
 \setcounter{section}{0}
 \setcounter{subsection}{0}
 \def\thesection{\Alph{section}}}
\@lowpenalty 51 \@medpenalty 151 \@highpenalty 301
\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty \@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty \@itempenalty
-\@lowpenalty
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% dimensions %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\parskip 0pt \topsep 0pt \footnotesep=0pt
\partopsep 0pt 
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%International styles%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%V In case of 'Dutch' we are an unknown style:
\def\doc@style{0}
%V But, to humour British and to humor American users
%V we include English parameter settings.
\def\refname{References}
\def\abstractname{Abstract}
\def\bibname{Bibliography}
\def\appendixname{Appendix }
\def\contentsname{Contents}
\def\listfigurename{List of Figures}
\def\listtablename{List of Tables}
\def\indexname{Index}
\def\figurename{Figure}
\def\tablename{Table}
\def\partname{Part}
\def\today{\ifcase\month\or
 January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
 July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
 \space\number\day, \number\year}